Nicky Case

ncase.me · Personal blog · on HN since 2014

Nicky Case makes interactive explainers and games on topics like game theory, trust, voting, and learning.

What HN saysCommenters praise their "explorable explanations", especially Evolution of Trust, which one's five-year-old loves, and the spaced repetition game.
402HN people shared it
275linked it in comments
197stories submitted
7.0Kstory points
4 months agolast shared
2014people per year2026

Most-shared posts

  1. 1
    Game theory illustrated by an animated cartoon game
    114 people · 1.4K points · first shared 2017 · 74 comments on HN
  2. 2
  3. 3
    To Build a Better Ballot (2016)
    43 people · 73 points · first shared 2016 · 20 comments on HN
  4. 4
    How To Remember Anything Forever-ish (2018)
    32 people · 158 points · first shared 2018 · 29 comments on HN
  5. 5
    The Wisdom And/or Madness of Crowds
    27 people · 121 points · first shared 2018 · 6 comments on HN
  6. 6
    Interactive demos on network theory, game theory, trust etc
    26 people · 209 points · first shared 2017 · 6 comments on HN
  7. 7
    Privacy preserving contact tracing: the comic
    12 people · 46 points · first shared 2020 · 6 comments on HN
  8. 8
    Loopy: a tool for thinking in systems
    11 people · 1.1K points · first shared 2017 · 84 comments on HN
  9. 9
    Neurotic Neurons: An interactive exploration
    11 people · 100 points · first shared 2015 · 7 comments on HN
  10. 10
    Fireflies
    8 people · 1.4K points · first shared 2017 · 89 comments on HN
  11. 11
  12. 12
    Simulating the World in Emoji
    8 people · 28 points · first shared 2016 · 4 comments on HN
  13. 13
    Joy.js – make happy little programs (2017)
    6 people · 218 points · first shared 2017 · 19 comments on HN
  14. 14
  15. 15
    Nutshell: Expandable Explanations
    6 people · 31 points · first shared 2022 · 2 comments on HN

What HN people wrote when they linked it

neom · 2021-01-23
Nicky Case: https://ncase.me/ - They're really great at this. Good talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCwtsK_FhUw
JoeCortopassi · 2020-01-10
As cool as this is, and it is, this is probably the least interesting thing on the https://ncase.me website. It's well worth spending an afternoon just going through some of the stuff presented there My two favorites: https://ncase.me/crowds/ https://ncase.me/trust/
yorwba · 2017-10-19
I think interactive features aren't used more often because there tends to be significant programming work required to make them. The "explorable explanations" movement has produced amazing works (e.g. http://ncase.me), but there's a lot of custom code involved. Some aspects of interactivity can be handled by a one-size-fits-all solution (like zoomable charts or embedded video/audio), but I don't think that it will be possible to go much further without involving programmers. And that makes interactive features orders of magnitude more expensive than just a static image, leaving the cool stuff to hobbyists who have the time to make it work.
guiambros · 2017-08-29
You can't talk about explaining Prisoner's Dilemma these days without mentioning Nicky Case's excellent "Evolution of Trust". My 5yo simply loves the game. Btw, if you are into data viz or simply enjoy Bret Victor-inspired interactive programming, Nicky has tons of similar experiments worth checking out [2]. [1] http://ncase.me/trust/ [2] http://ncase.me/
drawkbox · 2023-06-01
Spaced repetition is how we truly learn everything when dealing with it a little bit every day. A really great, fun game on this is from Nicki Case called "How To Remember Anything Forever-ish" [1] Additionally, the site has some other amazing games that really should be part of everyone's education and are Oregon Trail like in their impact. One of my favorites is the "Evolution of Trust" about game theory. [2] Probably the best game theory game out there. As an aside, you can program yourself and people with spaced repetition. Lots of propaganda uses it heavily but it can be used for good and bad. If you hear small facts everyday or small bits of propaganda everyday, it can over time evoke an pavlovian like response to the information, either good or bad. Using it can also bump up things you want to know about, and be aware when external information is being pumped. Basically spaced repetition mimics how you'd naturally come across something repetitively and the learning becomes automatic, it is iterative. Educational games like Nicky Case makes are awesome and really do help simplify and solidify certain topics so check them out. [3] [1] https://ncase.me/remember/ [2] https://ncase.me/trust/ [3] https://ncase.me/
modernerd · 2020-01-09
I revisit Fireflies from time to time, but everything on https://ncase.me/ is wonderful. I particularly like https://ncase.me/door/. Nicky's site elevates the web beyond “magazines/newspapers/leaflets on a network-connected screen”. It reminds you that the web can be a rich and interactive medium with stories told and ideas taught with love and with care. It feels like there's a gap in the market for tools that help people to build richer experiences and “playable articles” like these. So many content management systems and platforms seem stuck in the “your website is a brochure but online” mindset. In the same way that PowerPoint seems to encourage crappy presentations, traditional tools for website creation often do the same for websites. Coupled with the sheer difficulty of creating and maintaining a website, it's no wonder that blogs and personal sites feel like they're in decline. I'd love to see more tools that let users build sites that aren't just linked pages whose most interactive feature is a contact form or search field. The only one I can think of that's close is https://glitch.com/. Are there others I've missed?
tasoeur · 2026-05-28
Same here for the flash card app! I literally built this for myself after reading about spaced repetition from this amazing web comic: https://ncase.me/remember/ Then… I wanted to apply this to (beginner level) language learning. And yep you have to be disciplined to go through the cards daily, but it works. My app is 100% free so my trick was to have users write what they need, the app generates a prompt to give to any AI provider, which in turn gives you back a JSON that will be converted into a deck. Nothing truly ground breaking, but again it works for beginner level concepts :-)
stevthegouws · 2026-03-26
I find spaced repetition Anki flash cards surpisingly effective for this kind of thing. You’d think remembering tonnes of shortcuts and commands and flags would be alot of effort but it’s surprisingly low effort when using cloze deletions and phrased like: - “… is to delete the last word” - “Ctrl w is to …” If you’re not familiar with spaced repetition it’s worth checking out, especially if you have a holey memory like mine. https://ncase.me/remember/
svilen_dobrev · 2026-02-28
some hand-wavy thoughts.. > it has them (preconceptions), it's just that you don't know what they are. further in this direction... the "thing" might evolve into some cyclic (or not) system. a bit like that LIFE game, emerging a tv-tennis-like ping-ponging, or whatever. How would you know there is such thing? just stats/counts do not tell. (Which pulls another freaky question - how would u notice a different intelligence/world-order/culture/resemblance-of?) maybe feature: some stop-gap animation over world-map in time? Then, some pattern analysis over that.. History of the world, part one.. btw check these "interactive simulations", maybe some ideas about "loading" the agents with preconceptions :) https://ncase.me/
frollogaston · 2025-05-19
https://ncase.me/crowds/ is kinda about this. Not intentional misinformation exactly, just about how ideas like anger are amplified when you have an overly connected social network. There's supposedly a sweet spot. Also, that's one of my favorite websites ever.
lovestory · 2025-05-18
This is a few days worth of materials to read. If anyone finds it overwhelming, I recommend you read this comic that teaches you the basics of idea behind spaced repetition https://ncase.me/remember/
exmadscientist · 2024-10-11
It is, as so often the case, a classic prisoner's dilemma problem [0]: "no nukes" is pretty clearly superior to "any nukes at all", but "they have nukes but we don't" is game over, so... nukes for all (major world powers)! It's awful, but that's the prisoner's dilemma for you. I have a hard time respecting any anti-nuclear activist who doesn't at least acknowledge this facet of things, even if "no one has nukes and no one can easily get them" really would be best for the world. [0]: if anyone hasn't seen it before, the interactive https://ncase.me/trust/ on the iterated prisoner's dilemma is excellent
mightybyte · 2024-10-07
The Evolution of Cooperation by Robert Axelrod https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/366821.The_Evolution_of_Cooperatio… See also https://ncase.me/trust/ for a really nice 30-min interactive summary of the ideas presented in the book. My rough definition of "best" here is "most potentially impactful to humanity" (see also Andrew Breslin's Goodreads review).
JoshTriplett · 2024-01-08
The winning multi-round group strategy in a game in which you can identify and remember different people is, roughly, "cooperate with cooperators, defect with defectors". https://ncase.me/trust/ is well worth playing to get an idea of how this works. (Also, by way of acknowledging that reality is more complex than simulations like the Prisoner's Dilemma, in reality you might also have options like "stop interacting with defectors in order to avoid lose-lose situations" or "warn others about defectors, and listen to others' warnings but weight them based on whether the entity giving the warning is honest". And conversely, defectors get more options like "pretend to be a different entity with no history" or "pretend to be a known trusted entity".)
LeonB · 2023-09-16
Yes please! Fantastic work by the way. I’d love to see the code with a permissive license for others to build upon. Reminds me a little of ncase’s fantastic simulations — for example: https://ncase.me/sim/
neatze · 2023-08-01
not really civics game, but in my limited opinion, game of trust[1] is best educational game by far. [1]https://ncase.me/trust/
soulofmischief · 2023-07-30
I'd highly recommend The Evolution of Trust, by Nicky Case. It puts some of these ideas into an interactive framework in the context of game theory. It shows how interactions between these different kinds of people play out given different population distributions. https://ncase.me/trust/
zubairshaik · 2023-05-23
Would you be open to suggestions? Off the top of my head, there's Explorable Explanations from https://ncase.me and, while not as educational, The Space Elevator on https://neal.fun
rapnie · 2023-05-03
Also liked the Parable of the Polygons about the shape of society: https://ncase.me/polygons Hell, they are all great!
yamrzou · 2023-03-18
I posted this having in mind some simulation games by Nicky Case (https://ncase.me/projects/) which combine insight and fun in a brilliant way. Specifically: - The Evolution of Trust - The Wisdom and/or Madness of Crowds - We Become What We Behold But those games only focus on social interactions. I wonder if there are similar ones that focus on economics. We learn much better through play, a game is worth a hundred papers.
hayst4ck · 2023-03-13
By game theory, if you let sinners prosper, you will produce more sinners. In the most pure sense not punishing the sinful is wrong, always. That misses the point that it is possible to both help everyone and punish the sinners. Here is a game I recommend that you play: https://ncase.me/trust/ I think it gives a great explanation why what you are saying in good faith is not quite right. Not punishing the sinful both pushes the problem into the future and makes it bigger.
civilized · 2023-02-13
Lots of good examples here but doesn't have the greatest one, Evolution of Trust https://ncase.me/trust/
tjnaylor · 2023-02-13
Nicky Case does really exceptional work in the area of interactive articles. https://ncase.me/trust/ - this is a link to a Game Theory primer called the evolution of trust. It's just such an excellent example of the potential of interactive articles. And, it did manage to go modestly viral. She calls them explorable explanations. If someone is going to go to the relatively great effort of making interactive articles, she has linked some articles on the creative process for interactive formats that can really help play to the strengths of the format (or maybe better put as lack of format).
mughinn · 2022-10-21
I love Nicky Case's work. I particularly like their explanation of how voting could be better and a little bit of theory on it https://ncase.me/ballot/
elihu · 2022-10-06
> There was a site posted to HN years back that mathematically analyzed a ton of these voting schemes, I cannot seem to find it on Google but it was some sort of hybrid scheme that apparently has the best overall outcomes. It might have been "To Build a Better Ballot": https://ncase.me/ballot/ https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13161396
kirse · 2022-10-06
Yea, it's been interesting to watch how RCV has filtered into the public consciousness over the past 5-10 years and slowly increased in terms of how many people parrot it as the answer to all our voting ills. There was a site posted to HN years back that mathematically analyzed a ton of these voting schemes, I cannot seem to find it on Google but it was some sort of hybrid scheme that apparently has the best overall outcomes. Edit: Given some of the comments below, some good material on these voting systems... https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13161396 https://ncase.me/ballot/ https://rangevoting.org/rangeVirv.html http://zesty.ca/voting/sim/
notriddle · 2022-09-15
If you're going to talk about vote counting systems, please consult this interactive blog post: https://ncase.me/ballot/ And the HN discussion surrounding it: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30847133 [Unfortunately, while you can test ranked choice voting systems against each other directly using examples, you can't really test them against cardinal voting systems because the ballots aren't the same. At best, you use statistical models to compare them.]
stared · 2022-07-04
Author here. Indeed, much inspiration comes from the data viz and explorable explanation community. Previously, I worked in D3.js. The idea behind the precursor, Quantum Game with Photons, was precisely to provide a composable environment for simulating any system. In another recent publication, "Quantum games and interactive tools for quantum technologies outreach and education" (https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/optical-engineering/volume… there is a whole section "3.3. Explorable Explanations" written by me and no-one else than Nicky Case (https://ncase.me/).
leetrout · 2022-06-12
Simple viz of wind http://hint.fm/wind/ Everything by Nicky Case https://ncase.me/

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